[Hinews] SEOUL, South Korea — With relentless heatwaves, tropical nights, and erratic weather patterns sweeping the region, the strain on public health is intensifying. For those with chronic conditions like hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, or kidney disease, summer poses an even greater threat. High temperatures interfere with the body’s ability to regulate heat, causing excessive sweating and rapid fluid loss. This can lead to sudden changes in blood pressure or blood sugar, and increase the risk of dehydration.

Dr. Hae-ri Lee, an endocrinologist at H Plus Yangji Hospital, noted that high summer temperatures significantly impact vascular health. "For every degree Celsius increase in temperature, the heart pumps out more than three additional liters of blood per minute," she said. "This forces the heart to work harder, which can be a substantial burden for patients with chronic illnesses."

During summer, the risk of complications rises sharply for those with chronic conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and kidney disease, demanding heightened vigilance. (Image: Clip Art Korea)
During summer, the risk of complications rises sharply for those with chronic conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and kidney disease, demanding heightened vigilance. (Image: Clip Art Korea)


Why Summer Heightens Dangers for Diabetes, Hypertension, and Kidney Disease Patients
People with diabetes are particularly vulnerable to fluid loss, which can concentrate blood and cause sudden spikes in glucose levels. Skipping meals due to heat-induced appetite loss may also lead to hypoglycemia. Those with autonomic neuropathy as a complication may have impaired temperature regulation, leaving them vulnerable to heatstroke or heat exhaustion.

Hot weather can cause blood vessels to repeatedly contract and relax, leading to unstable blood pressure in patients with hypertension. This is especially perilous for older individuals with reduced vascular elasticity, heightening the odds of cerebrovascular events. Thickened blood can also promote thrombus formation, potentially leading to complications like cerebral infarction.

Conversely, patients with kidney disease may experience hyponatremia or swelling if they consume large amounts of water too quickly, leading to dizziness, headaches, or vertigo. Individuals with low blood pressure may experience further drops during heatwaves, increasing the risk of fatigue, dizziness, or falls that require close monitoring

Photo: Dr. Hae-ri Lee, endocrinologist at H Plus Yangji Hospital
Photo: Dr. Hae-ri Lee, endocrinologist at H Plus Yangji Hospital


Summer Lifestyle Rules to Safeguard Health
Prevention stands as the most effective strategy against the heat's hazards. Hydrate frequently before thirst sets in, aiming for about two liters of water daily, sipped slowly in divided doses. Avoid caffeine and alcohol due to their diuretic effects, and reserve isotonic drinks for necessities only, given their high sugar content.

If plain water proves unappealing, infuse it at home with cucumber, mint, or lemon for better hydration support.

Limit outdoor activities between 11 a.m. and 4 p.m. When venturing out, opt for wide-brimmed hats, parasols, light-colored breathable clothing, and carry water or isotonic beverages. After heat exposure, avoid cold showers, which may constrict blood vessels and elevate blood pressure. Use lukewarm water instead for safer cooling.

The dangers of heatwaves are especially severe for individuals with chronic health conditions. (Photo courtesy of H Plus Yangji Hospital)
The dangers of heatwaves are especially severe for individuals with chronic health conditions. (Photo courtesy of H Plus Yangji Hospital)


Set air conditioners to around 26 degrees Celsius to minimize indoor-outdoor temperature disparities, as sudden cooling can trigger air-conditioning sickness. Exercise moderately, favoring light walks or stretches in the morning or evening, while steering clear of excessive sweating.

Dr. Lee stressed the urgency of symptoms: "Chest pain, sudden dizziness, blurred vision, loss of balance, or severe headaches warrant an immediate emergency room visit." She added, "Patients with chronic conditions are particularly sensitive to temperature changes, so they need even more meticulous management than usual."

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